Modeling of cell sorting and rare cell capture with microfabricated biodevices

•We review CFD modeling of microfabricated cell sorting devices for rare cell capture.•We discuss important simulation approaches for cell sorting and rare cell capture.•We pay particular attention to the use of the Navier-Stokes equation.•Practical problems are highlighted from an interdisciplinary point of view.

In this paper, we review different aspects of computer modeling and simulation of lab-on-a-chip type bioanalytical devices, with special emphasis on cell sorting and rare cell capture, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs). We critically review important fundamental concepts and innovative applications in addition to detailed analysis by multiphysics approaches. Relevant essentials of hydrodynamic, Newtonian, and non-Newtonian rheological behavior, single and multiphase models, together with various force field-mediated flows are discussed with respect to cell sorting. Furthermore, we provide a summary of techniques used to simulate electric and magnetic field-based rare cell capture methods, such as electrophoresis and magnetophoresis. Finally, we present simulations of practical applications to help non-specialists understand the basic principles and applications.