Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder in Japanese Collegiate Athletes

Study ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and impact of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in Japanese collegiate athletes, with a focus on their disruption of athletic performance.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingA university in Osaka, the largest city in western Japan.Participants232 female collegiate athletes.Main Outcome MeasuresPremenstrual symptoms and social activities.ResultsThe prevalence of each premenstrual symptom was high. The prevalence of moderate to severe PMS and PMDD was 8.6% and 2.9%, respectively, the same as in general high school students. The athletic performance of 44.3% of athletes was found to suffer in a game or in practice. “Elite athletes” (OR 8.63, 95% CI: 1.22-120.0), “Difficulty concentrating” (OR 3.15, 95% CI: 1.05-10.6), and “Fatigue or lack of energy” (OR 5.92, 95% CI: 1.32-34.5) increased the risk of poor athletic performance.ConclusionsThis study showed that premenstrual symptoms affect not only the daily activities but also the athletic performance of collegiate athletes.