Intelligent relaying scheme for series-compensated double circuit lines using phase angle of differential impedance

•A PAODI based comprehensive intelligent relaying scheme for series compensated lines.•DT is embedded to improve the reliability.•The response time is within 1 and 1/2 cycles.•Tested on RTDS test bed.

The paper presents a comprehensive intelligent relaying scheme using phase angle of differential impedance (PAODI) for series compensated double circuit transmission lines. The differential impedance (DI) is the ratio of differential voltage phasors of any phase across two ends of the transmission line to the differential current phasors of the same phase of the same transmission line. The PAODI of each phase are used as inputs to the data mining model known as decision tree (DT) to generate final relaying decision to identify the faulty phase(s) involved. The proposed scheme is extensively validated for different fault scenarios including inter-circuit and cross-country faults on the series-compensated parallel transmission developed on Real Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) platform. The test results obtained indicate that the proposed PAODI based intelligent relaying scheme is both dependable and secure in protecting series compensated double circuit transmission lines with a response time of less than 1 and 1/2 cycles.