Planning for distributed wind generation under active management mode

In the smart grid (SG), the active management (AM) mode will be applied for the connection and operation of distributed generation (DG), which means real time control and management of DG units and distribution network devices based on real time measurements of primary system parameters. In this paper, a novel bi-level programming model for distributed wind generation (DWG) planning under AM mode is put forward. The model takes the maximum expectation of net benefit of DWG as the upper level program objective, and takes the minimum expectation of generation curtailment as the lower level program objective. The impact of active management algorithm on improvement of branch power flow and node voltage is taken into account. A hybrid algorithm combining the plant growth simulation algorithm (PGSA) with probabilistic optimal power flow (POPF) algorithm is presented to solve the optimal planning of DWG under AM mode. The case studies have been carried out on a 33-node distribution network, and the results verify the rationality of the planning model and the effectiveness of the proposed method.

► A bi-level planning model of distributed wind generation in the smart grid is proposed. ► The impact of active management algorithm on improvement of branch power flow and node voltage is taken into account. ► Probabilistic optimal power flow algorithm is used to evaluate the planning schemes. ► The plant growth simulation algorithm is presented to solve the optimal planning model. ► It is proved that active management mode will increase the power penetration limit of distributed wind generation.