Virtual raw anchor coordinates: A new localization paradigm

A wide range of applications in wireless sensor networks rely on the location information of the sensing nodes. However, traditional localization techniques are dependent on hardware that is sometimes unavailable (e.g. GPS), or on sophisticated virtual localization calculus which have a costly overhead.Instead of actually localizing nodes in the physical two-dimensional Euclidean space, we use directly the raw distance to a set of anchors to produce multi-dimensional coordinates. We prove that the image of the physical two-dimensional Euclidean space is a two-dimensional surface, and we show how to adapt geographic routing strategies on this surface in a simple and efficient manner.