Equal energy dissipation in wireless image sensor network: A solution to energy-hole problem

In wireless image sensor networks (WISNs), the nodes closer to the sink are likely to get over-burdened and run out of their battery energy at the early stage of network deployment. This has been reported in the literature as the energy-hole problem. In this paper, we propose to establish equal energy dissipation condition over the network to mitigate energy-hole problem. We consider a data gathering linear array of wireless camera sensor nodes. Each camera sensor node generates one raw image per data gathering cycle. The raw image captured by each camera sensor node is processed locally and sent to the sink node using intermediate nodes. Exact placement of nodes is derived to ensure equal energy dissipation over the network. The raw image is locally processed using discrete wavelet transform (DWT). Network lifetime and peak signal-to-noise-ratio (PSNR) of the reconstructed image are calculated at the sink node for several test images.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► A solution to energy-hole problem in WISN is addressed in this paper. ► We impose equal energy dissipation condition to mitigate energy-hole problem. ► A linear array of wireless camera sensor nodes is considered. ► Exact placement of wireless camera sensor nodes is obtained. ► Local image processing such as 2D DWT is applied on the raw image captured by the nodes. ► Network lifetime and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) are calculated at the sink node.