The bb-adic tent transformation for quasi-Monte Carlo integration using digital nets

In this paper we investigate quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) integration using digital nets over ZbZb in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. The tent transformation (previously called baker’s transform) was originally used for lattice rules by Hickernell (2002) to achieve higher order convergence of the integration error for smooth non-periodic integrands, and later, has been successfully applied to digital nets over Z2Z2 by Cristea et al. (2007) and Goda (2015). The aim of this paper is to generalize the latter two results to digital nets over ZbZb for an arbitrary prime bb. For this purpose, we introduce the bb-adic tent transformation   for an arbitrary positive integer bb greater than 1, which is a generalization of the original (dyadic) tent transformation. Further, again for an arbitrary positive integer bb greater than 1, we analyze the mean square worst-case error of QMC rules using digital nets over ZbZb which are randomly digitally shifted and then folded using the bb-adic tent transformation in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. Using this result, for a prime bb, we prove the existence of good higher order polynomial lattice rules over ZbZb among a smaller number of candidates as compared to the result by Dick and Pillichshammer (2007), which achieve almost the optimal convergence rate of the mean square worst-case error in unanchored Sobolev spaces of smoothness of arbitrary high order.