Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
4657943 Topology and its Applications 2016 13 Pages PDF
Abstract

We define counting and cocycle enhancement invariants of virtual knots using parity biquandles. The cocycle invariants are determined by pairs consisting of a biquandle 2-cocycle ϕ0ϕ0 and a map ϕ1ϕ1 with certain compatibility conditions leading to one-variable or two-variable polynomial invariants of virtual knots. We provide examples to show that the parity cocycle invariants can distinguish virtual knots which are not distinguished by the corresponding non-parity invariants.

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Physical Sciences and Engineering Mathematics Geometry and Topology
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