Phase Force-off Modes in Coordinated-Actuated Signal Operations

This paper describes the detailed operational mechanisms of the force-off modes used in traffic signal controllers and CORSIM. In addition, the delay performance of four force-off modes has been examined through simulation experiments under the coordinated-actuated signal operations environment. According to the simulation results, the fixed force-off mode showed the best performance for all volume-to-capacity ratios, and when considering short-term fluctuations in traffic volume, the fixed force-off mode again outperformed the floating force-off and CORSIM-embedded modes for the demand variations considered in this study. The results support that the fixed force-off mode is suitable for coordinated-actuated signal operations.