Driver's Distraction and Understandability (EOU) Change Due to the Level of Abstractness and Modality of GPS Navigation Information during Driving

With the advance of technology, the Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation has become an essential device for the driving experience. While the growth of GPS navigation has increased dramatically, the distraction from the GPS usage also became an issue. The researches warn the potential danger of devices, which distract the driver's attention. In this paper, we present the strategy to mitigate the level of distraction, while drivers seek navigation information from the GPS systems. Many researches have already explored strategy to minimize the driving distraction, but only few researches have focused on the strategy to minimize the distraction behaviors with system design. By manipulating the type of information and the mode of modality, we explore the best strategy for delivering the navigation information to drivers. Consequently, the drivers understood the direction easily and safely, even though the drivers had limited time, only enough for a quick glancing action.