DSM: Dynamic Sink Mobility Equipped DBR for Underwater WSNs

In this paper, we present Dynamic Sink Mobility equipped DBR (DSM) routing protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs). Our proposed scheme increases the stability period, network lifetime, and throughput of the UWSN. The scheme incorporates dynamic sink mobility in a way that sink moves towards most dense (in terms of number of nodes) region (quadrant) of the network. Moving the sink to high density region ensures maximum collection of data. As, more number of nodes (sensors) are able to send data directly to sink, therefore, significant amount of energy is saved in each particular round. However, there is a certain drawback to this approach. Nodes which are far from sink have to wait much for their turn. So, there are chances of data loss in the considered scenario. To overcome this issue our scheme includes Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) in the other regions of the network. AUVs act as relays by collecting data from the nodes of their respective regions and then transmit data to sink at a closest distance with it. Simulation results show that DSM outperforms the other existing routing protocol DBR in terms of stability period, network lifetime, and network throughput.