In-building waste water heat recovery: An urban-scale method for the characterisation of water streams and the assessment of energy savings and costs

With the detailed characterisation of various grey water streams as a function of inhabitant number and end-use occurrence, the quantification of the energy savings and costs through heat recovery is improved. The outcomes of urban energy and cost assessments concerning grey water heat recovery are more specific, as the results at building level are aggregated to the considered geographical scope. The proposed method therefore complements current urban energy and cost assessments with the detailed integration of in-building grey water heat recovery systems.