Self cleanliness of Er3Â +/Nd3Â + Co-do ped lithium niobate tellurite glass containing silver nanoparticles

TEM image revealed the nucleation of Ag NPs with average particle size ≈ 3.5 ± 0.01 nm. The FTIR spectra displayed seven absorption bands which are assigned to different bonding vibrations of the glass network structures. Raman spectra are comprised of five peaks centered around 205.3 cm− 1-213.3 cm− 1, 354.6-356.9 cm− 1, 375.3-380.9 cm− 1, 622.8 cm− 1 and 845.4-849.6 cm− 1. Water contact angle is found to increase with increasing of Ag NPs contents. Our systematic methods of glass preparation, characterization and functionalization with optimum NPs inclusion may be useful for preventing the transparency loss of the proposed glass system (modification of the self-cleaning behaviors).