A general noise-reduction framework for fault localization of Java programs

ContextExisting fault-localization techniques combine various program features and similarity coefficients with the aim of precisely assessing the similarities among the dynamic spectra of these program features to predict the locations of faults. Many such techniques estimate the probability of a particular program feature causing the observed failures. They often ignore the noise introduced by other features on the same set of executions that may lead to the observed failures. It is unclear to what extent such noise can be alleviated.ObjectiveThis paper aims to develop a framework that reduces the noise in fault-failure correlation measurements.MethodWe develop a fault-localization framework that uses chains of key basic blocks as program features and a noise-reduction methodology to improve on the similarity coefficients of fault-localization techniques. We evaluate our framework on five base techniques using five real-life median-scaled programs in different application domains. We also conduct a case study on subjects with multiple faults.ResultsThe experimental result shows that the synthesized techniques are more effective than their base techniques by almost 10%. Moreover, their runtime overhead factors to collect the required feature values are practical. The case study also shows that the synthesized techniques work well on subjects with multiple faults.ConclusionWe conclude that the proposed framework has a significant and positive effect on improving the effectiveness of the corresponding base techniques.

► Noise in measuring the fault-failure correlation is unavoidable. ► A noise-aware framework to refine similarity coefficients is proposed. ► Core parts include chains of key basic blocks and noise-reduction terms. ► Significant improvements in fault localization effectiveness are observed in experiments.