Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
5512743 | Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy | 2017 | 18 Pages |
Abstract
The Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx, is a member of the superorder Cetartiodactyla and is native to the Arabian Desert. The desert environment can be considered extreme in which to sleep, as the ranges of temperatures experienced are beyond what most mammals encounter. The current study describes the nuclear organization and neuronal morphology of the systems that have been implicated in sleep control in other mammals for the Arabian oryx. The nuclei delineated include those revealed immunohistochemically as belonging to the cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic and orexinergic systems within the basal forebrain, hypothalamus, midbrain and pons. In addition, we examined the GABAergic neurons and their terminal networks surrounding or within these nuclei. The majority of the neuronal systems examined followed the typical mammalian organizational plan, but some differences were observed: (1) the neuronal morphology of the cholinergic laterodorsal tegmental (LDT) and pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) nuclei, as well as the parvocellular subdivision of the orexinergic main cluster, exhibited Cetartiodactyl-specific features; (2) the dorsal division of the catecholaminergic anterior hypothalamic group (A15d), which has not been reported in any member of the Artiodactyla studied to date, was present in the brain of the Arabian oryx; and (3) the catecholaminergic tuberal cell group (A12) was notably more expansive than previously seen in any other mammal. The A12 nucleus has been associated functionally to osmoregulation in other mammals, and thus its expansion could potentially be a species specific feature of the Arabian oryx given their native desert environment and the need for extreme water conservation.
Keywords
MCPDRCPPTVPOOTCArtiodactylaSCPMLFA12DRDSTNLDTFasciculus retroflexusIIIDRPCLiDRVPBGZICArabian oryxA13A10A14DRLA11RMGPCRTN.AccXSCPA6dA7dA7scA9lA9mA9pcA9vA10cA10dA10dcA15dA15vdorsal raphe, interfascicular divisionsubstantia nigra, lateralsubstantia nigra, medialRtTgVmotnucleus subcoeruleus, diffuse portionnucleus subcoeruleus, compact portionsupralemniscal serotonergic nucleusVsensDiag.Bdorsal raphe, caudal divisiondorsal raphe, dorsal divisiondorsal raphe, lateral divisiondorsal raphe, peripheral divisionHyp.dHyp.lHyp.vIs.Call/TOLN.BasSep.mreticulotegmental nucleus of the ponsMnRsuperior cerebellar pedunclelateral ventriclethird ventriclefourth ventriclePirdorsal thalamussubstantia nigra, pars compactaSleepoptic tractSuperior colliculusMiddle cerebellar pedunclecerebral peduncleDRiftrigeminal nerveSONEvolutionMedial longitudinal fasciculusfornixdiffuse portion of locus coeruleuspiriform cortexdecussation of the superior cerebellar pedunclelateral olfactory tractcerebral aqueductArcLateral lemniscusLotcentral gray matterventral tegmental area, centralventral tegmental area, dorsal caudalventral tegmental area, dorsalzona incertaventral tegmental areaNeuroanatomyNucleus accumbensinterpeduncular nucleusoculomotor nucleusParabigeminal nucleusThalamic reticular nucleusSupraoptic nucleusnucleus basalisretrorubral nucleuspedunculopontine tegmental nucleusCaudal linear nucleuscaudate nucleusmedian raphe nucleusraphe magnus nucleuslateral septal nucleusmedial septal nucleushypothalamic arcuate nucleusGigantocellular reticular nucleusrostral periventricular nucleuslaterodorsal tegmental nucleuslateral hypothalamic cholinergic nucleusventral hypothalamic cholinergic nucleusdorsal hypothalamic cholinergic nucleusSubthalamic nucleusMammaliaPVCInferior colliculusinternal capsulecaudal diencephalic grouptuberal cell groupDiagonal band of Brocaanterior hypothalamic group, ventral divisionanterior hypothalamic group, dorsal divisionGlobus pallidus
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Authors
Joshua G. Davimes, Abdulaziz N. Alagaili, Nigel C. Bennett, Osama B. Mohammed, Adhil Bhagwandin, Paul R. Manger, Nadine Gravett,