Joint estimation of time difference of arrival and frequency difference of arrival for cyclostationary signals under impulsive noise

The problem of jointly estimating time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA) or Doppler has a variety of practical applications. The conventional cyclic ambiguity function and the fractional lower-order ambiguity function suffer performance degradation in the presence of non-Gaussian α-stable impulsive noise and corruptive interference. To overcome these drawbacks, a new robust signal-selective algorithm for cyclostationary signals based on the fractional lower-order cyclostationarity is proposed. The new method makes use of cyclostationarity features and fractional lower-order statistics, and is highly tolerant to interference and robust to both Gaussian noise and non-Gaussian α-stable impulsive noise. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method in the presence of impulsive noise and interference are demonstrated by comparing it with the cyclostationarity-based and fractional lower-order statistics (FLOS)-based methods.