Line spectral pairs

Linear prediction-based coders commonly utilise line spectral pairs (LSPs) to represent linear prediction coefficients for reasons of filter stability and representational efficiency. LSPs have other useful properties such as an ordering related to the spectral properties of the underlying data, which leads to advantages when used for analysing speech and other signals. This paper reviews the LSP representation, conversion and quantization processes, computational issues associated with the implementation of LSP-based methods, and their use in speech analysis and processing. In addition, this paper presents LSP manipulation methods that can be used to alter frequencies within the represented signal in a consistent and relevant way, and considers the use of LSPs for analysis of non-speech information.