Hypoglycemic effects and constituents of the barks of Cyclocarya paliurus and their inhibiting activities to glucosidase and glycogen phosphorylase

The various fractions of the barks of Cyclocarya paliurus were systematically tested for hypoglycemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results showed that the chloroform fraction of the 75% EtOH extract of the barks of this plant exhibited significant blood sugar reducing activity, most of which were significantly higher than that of positive-drug metformin hydrochloride. A new compound, together with nine known compounds, was isolated from the most active fraction. The structure elucidation was based on spectroscopic methods, including two-dimensional NMR experiments (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC). All of the isolates were evaluated for their α-glycosidase and glycogen phosphorylase inhibitory activities.

Graphical abstractThe various fractions of the barks of Cyclocarya paliurus were tested for hypoglycemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. A new compound, 3-hydroxypterolactone, together with nine known compounds were isolated from the most active fraction. α-Glycosidase and glycogen phosphorylase inhibitory activities of compounds was also tested. Download high-res image (312KB)Download full-size imageResearch Highlights► Hypoglycemic effects of the barks of Cyclocarya paliurus were investigated. ► Activity-guided isolation led to the discovery of 10 compounds including a new one. ► All of the isolates were evaluated for their α-glycosidase and glycogen phosphorylase inhibitory activities. ► Vanillic acid (3) exhibited medium inhibiting activities against two enzymes.