A review on biological, nutraceutical and clinical aspects of French maritime pine bark extract

Article ID	Journal	Published Year	Pages	File Type
5839924	Journal of Ethnopharmacology	2011	17 Pages	PDF

Abstract

A review of the bark extract of Pinus pinaster consisting of sixty-nine research articles concerned with biological, neutraceutical and clinical studies. PBE has a wide range of effects as a dietary supplement. Its antioxidative nature is helpful in strengthening intracellular defence system via enzymes and scavenging free radicals generated as a result of metabolism. Main constituents responsible for this action are found to be procyanidins, catechins, taxifolin, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid and ferulic acid (Rohdewald, 2002; Grimm et al., 2006a,b).

Keywords

NSAIDS MMP LPS ESR BHT PBE ASA IgE DFO EMC Pinus pinaster NADPH GSH GST MIC FRAP ACE COX-2 TBARS COX-1 ALT GSSH eNOS OPC CVI STZ iOp DNP MIDAS ADRP TLR4 PMN PLA2 TxA2 WOMAC Desferrioxamine EMCV fMLP CPRS TXB2 MNCV MDA PMNL DHEA RPMC MPO FBf TAS Mn-SOD ROS adrenaline AST Aspartate aminotransferase Alanine aminotransferase ALP Alkaline phosphatase Antioxidant angiotensin converting enzyme Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist attention deficit hyperactivity disorder migraine disability assessment Osteoarthritis Estrogen streptozotocin Encephalomyocarditis LOX AIDS ischemia–reperfusion IgE, immunoglobulin E Flap ADHD Alzheimer's disease thromboxane B2 Thromboxane A2 forearm blood flow Minimum inhibitory concentration Cardiovascular disease risk BUN Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Dinitrophenyl Electron spin resonance CVD motor nerve conduction velocity rat peritoneal mast cells endothelial nitric oxide synthase acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manganese superoxide dismutase cyclooxygenase-1 Cyclooxygenase-2 Anti-inflammatory Grape extract Pine bark extract Intraocular pressure lactate dehydrogenase LDH lipopolysaccharide Lipooxygenase malonaldehyde Matrix metalloproteinases not significant thiobarbituric acid reactive substances Nutritional supplement myeloperoxidase sodium nitroprusside blood urea nitrogen butylated hydroxytoluene Total antioxidant status Vitamin E Encephalomyocarditis virus Proanthocyanidins Oligomeric proanthocyanidins activator protein adipose differentiation-related protein SNP ferric reducing antioxidant power protein carbonyl high performance liquid chromatography HPLC CaP Glutathione glutathione-S-transferase oxidized glutathione Reactive oxygen species