| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5843899 | Pharmacology & Therapeutics | 2016 | 82 Pages |
Abstract
Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell (CSC) behind the mechanisms for this deadly disease. This review briefly introduces the basics of the conventional chemotherapies, updates the CSC theories, highlights the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which CSC smartly designs and utilizes multiple lines of self-defense to avoid being killed by chemotherapy, and concisely summarizes recent progress in studies on CSC-targeted therapies in the end, with the hope to help guide future research toward developing more effective therapeutic strategies to eradicate tumor cells in the patients.
Keywords
ECMCSCEGFRALDHNF-κBPI3KHSC5-FUIGFPARP-1DDRHDRASCNHEJFGFERKPMLMDSCMLBERIPSCIAPHIFDnmtMMRUGT1A1HGFTKIBRCATSGHNSCCRPFMRDSMACPKB or Aktpoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1KLF8ABCTAMLTGF-βJanus kinaseDNA methyltransferaseNEReIFROSsaldehyde dehydrogenaseSTATHomology-directed repairinterleukinTransforming Growth Factor BetaEPRError-prone repairnucleotide excision repairmismatch repairbase excision repairEMTHedgehogMinimal residual diseaseATP-binding cassette transporterTargeted therapySecond mitochondria-derived activator of caspaseNSCLCNon-small cell lung cancerAdult stem cellhematopoietic stem cellsInduced pluripotent stem cellcancer stem cellmyelodysplastic syndromeChemotherapyHepatocyte growth factornon-homologous end joiningHypoxia-inducible factorgranulocyte colony-stimulating factorVascular endothelial growth factorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)Insulin growth factorfibroblast growth factorG-CSFNuclear factor-kappa Bphosphatidylinositol-3-kinase5-fluorouracilPromyelocytic leukaemiaacute myeloid leukemiaChronic myeloid leukemiaExtracellular matrixSignal transducer and activator of transcriptionBMPTyrosine kinase inhibitorinhibitor of apoptosisDNA damage responseMultidrug Resistance-associated Protein 1breast cancer resistance proteinmultidrug resistance protein 1bone morphogenetic proteinsprotein kinase BJAKERCC1Tumor suppressor geneHead and neck squamous cell carcinomaChemoresistanceextracellular signal-regulated kinaseEpithelial–mesenchymal transitionReactive oxygen speciesEpidermal growth factor receptor
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Authors
Jihe Zhao,