Human risk assessment of dermal and inhalation exposures to chemicals assessed by route-to-route extrapolation: The necessity of kinetic data

The present paper demonstrates the necessity of route-specific absorption data by showing the impact of its absence on the uncertainty of the human health risk assessment using route-to-route extrapolation. Quantification of the absorption (by in vivo, in vitro or in silico methods), particularly for the starting route, is considered essential.