Rationale and design of the Investigation of Motivational Interviewing and Prevention Consults to Achieve Cardiovascular Targets (IMPACT) trial

BackgroundPatients undergoing cardiovascular procedures remain at increased risk for myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. Risk factor control in this patient population remains suboptimal and would likely benefit from strategies targeting education, lifestyle, and healthy behaviors.DesignThe IMPACT trial is a 400-subject prospective randomized trial designed to compare different cardiovascular prevention strategies in subjects following a cardiovascular intervention. The trial began enrollment in the Spring of 2012 and is randomizing subjects in a 1:1:1 manner to usual care, a one-time cardiovascular prevention consult, or a one-time cardiovascular prevention consult plus behavioral intervention program (telephone-based motivational interviewing and tailored text messages) over a 6-month period. The primary end point is non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Secondary end points include other plasma lipid values, metabolic risk, smoking cessation, physical activity, dietary intake, medication use and adherence, and quality of life.ConclusionsThe IMPACT trial provides data on different management strategies for risk factor optimization in subjects following cardiovascular procedures. The results will provide a platform for the continued development of novel multidisciplinary interventions in this high-risk population.