Clopidogrel pretreatment in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients transferred for percutaneous coronary Intervention

BackgroundPretreatment with clopidogrel reduces ischemic complications before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Limited data exist regarding the effect of pretreatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI.MethodsProspective data were analyzed from a regional STEMI system using rapid transfer for primary PCI in 30 community hospitals. Zone 1 community hospitals are <60 miles and Zone 2 hospitals are 60 to 210 miles away from the PCI hospital. Compared with 63 minutes in the PCI hospital, median door-to-balloon times were 94 minutes in Zone 1 and 123 minutes in Zone 2 hospitals. All patients received aspirin, unfractionated heparin, and clopidogrel 600 mg in the emergency department of the presenting hospital within 15 minutes of diagnosis.ResultsFrom April 2003 through December 2008, 2,014 consecutive STEMI patients were pretreated with clopidogrel before PCI, with a median (25th-75th percentile) duration from pretreatment to PCI of 75 (58-93) minutes. Patients with longer pretreatment duration had significantly reduced reinfarction/reischemia at 30 days (Zone 1: 0.85%, Zone 2: 0.9%) compared with nontransferred patients (3.2%, P = .001) as well as reduced stent thrombosis (Zone 1: 0.6%, Zone 2: 0.6% vs Abbott Northwestern: 2.0%; P = .04). Similarly, pretreatment duration of >60 minutes before PCI had reduced 30-day reinfarction/reischemia (1.0% vs 2.9%, P = .003). There were no significant differences in mortality or major bleeding.ConclusionST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI in a regional STEMI network who received earlier pretreatment with a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel had less ischemic complications without increased bleeding or mortality.