Synthesis of bismuth nanoparticles and self-assembled nanobelts by a simple aqueous route in basic solution

An aqueous reduction method was successfully used to prepare Bi nanoparticles at 90 °C with bismuth nitrate pentahydrate [Bi(NO3)3·5H2O] and sodium-hypophosphite (NaH2PO2·H2O) as reactants. The diameters of Bi nanoparticles were controlled in the range of 10–50 nm under varied experimental parameters. And Bi nanobelts can also be constructed through self-assembly of Bi nanoparticles, which had typical lengths of up to 10 μm and widths of up to 100 nm. Tartaric acid (TA, H2C4H4O6) and NaOH are key factors in our preparation. These Bi nanostructures are expected to find potential applications in a variety of areas due to their optical characteristics. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the obtained nanostructures.

Graphical abstractDifferent Bi nanostructures (nanoparticles and nanobelts) have been prepared by controlling experimental parameters. The optical absorption spectra of the shape-controlled Bi nanostructures show distinguished absorptions in the range of 200–1100 nm.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Bi nanostructures have been mildly synthesized via an aqueous reduction method. ► Tartaric acid introduction is necessary for the reducing process in basic condition. ► The quantity of NaOH has a key role for the shape evolution of Bi nanostructures. ► The optical properties changed with varied morphologies of Bi nanostructures.