Functionalization of ceramic tile surface by sol–gel technique

The aim of this investigation was the surface functionalization of industrial ceramic tiles by sol–gel technique to improve at the same time the cleanability of unglazed surfaces. This objective was pursued through the design and preparation of nanostructured coating that was deposited on polished unglazed tiles by air-brushing. In particular TiO2–SiO2 binary film with 1, 2 or 5 wt% of titania were prepared by using tetraethoxysilane and titania nanoparticles as precursors. The obtained films were characterized by scratch tests to verify the adhesion of the coatings to the polished tiles. To mainly evaluate the effect of the thermal treatment (temperature range 100–600 °C) on the photocatalicity of the coatings, the films were studied under UV exposure by contact angle measurements and cleanability test. Particular attention has been paid to preserve the aesthetical aspect of the final product and the obtained hue variation was evaluated by means of UV–visible spectroscopy and colorimetric analysis.

Graphical abstractSol–gel SiO2–TiO2 mixed films have been prepared and deposited onto grés substrate by air-brushing to improve its cleanability keeping good mechanical performances. TiO2 rich films treated at 600 °C exhibit photo-induced hydrophilicity and good scratch resistance.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide