Nonlinear rheology of aqueous solutions of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose with nonionic surfactant

Shear thickening and strain hardening behavior of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) aqueous solutions was experimentally examined. We focused on the effects of polymer concentration, temperature, and addition of nonionic surfactant. It is found that HMHEC shows stronger shear thickening at intermediate shear rates in a certain concentration range. In this range, the zero-shear viscosity scales with polymer concentration as η0∼c5.7η0∼c5.7, showing a stronger concentration dependence than for more concentrated solutions. The critical shear stress for complete disruption of the transient network follows τc∼c1.62τc∼c1.62 in the concentrated regime. Dynamic tests of the transient network on addition of surfactants show that the enhanced zero-shear viscosity is due to an increase in network junction strength, rather than their number, which in fact decreases. The reduction in the junction number could partly explain the weak variation of strain hardening extent for low surfactant concentrations, because of longer and looser bridging chain segments, and hence lesser nonlinear chain stretching.

Graphical abstractNormalized storage modulus versus strain in oscillatory shear for 0.4 wt% HMHEC with different concentrations of added C12E5 at 5 °C. The frequency is 1 Hz.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide