Chemical preparation of Pd nanoparticles in room temperature ethylene glycol system and its application to electroless copper deposition

Room-temperature synthesis of Pd nanoparticles protected by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) has been successfully achieved by merely adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) acting as accelerator for the reduction of Pd(II) in ethylene glycol (EG) without any externally added reducing agent. The Pd particle sizes were controlled in the range from 8.6 to 2.4 nm by changing the concentration of NaOH from 0 to 3.2×10−1 M3.2×10−1 M. The particle formation was monitored by UV–vis spectroscopy and the microstructure of Pd nanoparticles was analyzed by TEM and XRD. The product of adding NaOH in EG was characterized by FTIR and a CHO group which possesses reductive ability was identified. In addition, the prepared Pd nanoparticle could serve as an effective activator for electroless copper deposition (ECD) on epoxy substrate, which is an essential process in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry. In contrast to existing commercial activators, the new activator shows superior stability and excellent performance for ECD.

Graphical abstractRoom-temperature synthesis of Pd nanoparticles protected by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) has been successfully achieved by merely adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) acting as accelerator for the reduction of Pd(II) in ethylene glycol (EG) without any externally added reducing agent. The Pd particle sizes and shapes of spherical and nonspherical are controlled by NaOH concentration and this Pd nanoparticle used as activator are well absorbed on the epoxy substrate facilitates the application of electroless copper deposition in the printed circuit board (PCB) industry.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide