Extracellular matrix remodeling during retinal development

•We review the ECM composition of the developing neural retina and discuss its impact on retinogenesis.•We summarize the current state of ECM functions in RGC axonal growth and guidance.•We describe the importance of ECM remodeling in retinal de- and regeneration processes.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a versatile and dynamic meshwork of proteoglycans and glycoproteins and plays an important functional role in complex tissues such as the developing retina. ECM forms the milieu surrounding retinal cells, constitutes basement membranes and provides structural as well as mechanical support. In addition, ECM molecules regulate the retinal homeostasis and cellular signaling. This review discusses the current state of ECM remodeling and its function during retinal development. In addition, we illustrate how ECM components control axonal growth and guidance of retinal ganglion cells and focus on ECM modulation during de- and regeneration processes.