Novel strategies to prevent or exploit phages in fermentations, insights from phage-host interactions

- Components involved in phage-host interactions defined in lactococcal model systems.
- Understanding the molecular players can be harnessed to prevent phage infection.
- Receptor-binding proteins may be used as competitive molecules to phage infection.
- Phage genome sequencing identifies novel elements that can be used in fermentations.
- Phage lysins are useful as remedial agents; phage promoters drive fermentations.