Influence of thermal radiation on contaminated air and water flow past a vertical wavy frustum of a cone

This paper aims to present detailed numerical solutions of natural convection flow of contaminated air and water along the vertical wavy frustum of a cone. This investigation is particularly conducted to characterize the flow behavior of spherical particles suspended in radiating Newtonian liquids. The governing equations are converted into dimensionless equations by using a set of suitable continuous transformations and solved through the implicit finite difference method. Comprehensive flow formations of the gas and particle phases are given with the aim to predict the enhancement of heat transport across the heated wavy frustum cone. It is recorded that the air–metal mixture can promote the rate of heat transfer drastically whereas water–metal mixture contributes a little in this regard.