Fabrication of highly effective self-humidifying membrane electrode assembly for proton exchange membrane fuel cells via electrostatic spray deposition

We report a nano-sized dense-structure (NSDS) layer coated onto the conventional catalyst layer for the self-humidification of MEA, fabricated by electrostatic spray deposition. This method allows formation of more uniformly distributed porous structure with diameters smaller than 80 nm, which enables recirculation of the water generated during oxygen reduction reaction and therefore leading to the improved cell performance under 0% RH.217