| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6693910 | Applied Energy | 2013 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
⺠Spruce chips and powder were pretreated by solvents: two ionic liquids and NMMO. ⺠The efficiency of pretreatment was examined by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. ⺠1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate was the most efficient solvent. ⺠Ethanol yield of wood powder was improved from 9.7% to 81.5% of theoretical yield. ⺠Ethanol yield of wood chips was improved from 2.7% to 66.8% of theoretical yield.
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Authors
Marzieh Shafiei, Hamid Zilouei, Akram Zamani, Mohammad J. Taherzadeh, Keikhosro Karimi,