New protection principle for smart grid with renewable energy sources integration using WiMAX centralized scheduling technology

The Benefit integration of distributed energy resources (DER) into distribution grid or large-scale renewable energy sources (RES) into transmission systems faces a considerable challenge to existing power system protection. In such case the coordination system of the protection is failed completely. The features given in the current standard of IEEE 802.16 solve the problem between the local and wide-area networks by providing an advanced system for metropolitan environments. This feature can be addressed to solve many traditional protection problems. The paper produces new protection solution to identify the faulted zone properly using IEEE 802.16 wireless protocol. Selecting 802.16 as a mesh mode will help allocation of minislots handling the centralized and distributed scheduling mechanisms. This is the first time of applying such technology in the protection system. The idea has the feature of protecting the grid as “Unit-Area” instead of “Multi-Area”. Principle of one protected zone instead of multi protection zones is used. The system consists of a base station, switching center and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). An accurate and proper decision is obtained based on shared information rather than stand alone relay decision.