Pattern search algorithm based automatic online parameter estimation for AGC with effects of wind power

The increasing portion of wind energy in the power system puts forward stability challenges to the power grid. With introduction of wind generating systems, maintaining constant frequency became one of the important problems taking stability into account. The system could be maintained with constant frequency with the help of controllers. The controller gains are usually designed with fixed values for various scenarios of power system which considerably vague due to existing system complexity. Also, the usage of conventional techniques consumes a lot of computational time and does not possesses accurate control gain parameters. To address the aforementioned challenges, an automatic online gain estimation algorithm by using pattern search optimization technique has been proposed in this article. This method computes the parameters on its own based on variable wind power output and controller gains will adjust automatically to achieve the best desired performance. The proposed method was tested in a modified IEEE 39 bus system for scenarios like system with 3% and 10% GRC (Generator Rate Constraint) with 10% and 20% SLP (Step Load Perturbation). Following that the system with proposed method was investigated with variable wind power and results demonstrate significant better results which comply with IEEE standards.