Routing protocols based on protocol operations for underwater wireless sensor network: A survey

Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSN) is the well interesting area for research community due to its versatile applications like: ocean monitoring, underwater mineral extraction, tactical surveillance, marine internal wild life, offshore explorations and ocean monitoring. Majority of the researchers have used deployment and topological structure of the terrestrial Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for UWSN but almost these kinds of structures are failure due to the environmental conditions of underwater environment. This research article covers the dynamic structure, route discovery, route maintenance and data forwarding mechanisms of routing protocols based on protocol operations. This research further covers the analytical analysis and numerical simulations results of the routing protocols based on protocol operations and will guide to the researcher to further research in the area of routing protocols.