An Enhancement Approach for Reducing the Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consist of low power devices that are distributed in geographically isolated areas. Sensors are arranged in clusters. Each cluster defines a vital node which is known as a cluster head (CH). Each CH collects the sensed data from its sensor nodes to be transmitted to a base station (BS). Sensors have deployed with batteries that cannot be replaced. The energy consumption is an important concern for WSN. We propose an enhancement approach to reduce the energy consumption and extend the network lifetime. It has been accomplished by augmenting the energy balancing in clusters among all sensor nodes to minimize the energy dissipation during network communications. The improved method is based on a cluster head selection method. In addition, an enhanced schedule of the TDMA has been implemented. Finally, the development approach indicates the progress in terms of network lifetime, Number of cluster head, energy consumption and number of packets transferred to BS compared to LEACH and other related protocols. Mathematical analysis and MATLAB 2015a simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The energy consumption of WSN has been reduced up to about 60% and prolong the network life cycle by 73% than LEACH.