Performance of DSRC and WIFI for Intelligent Transport Systems in VANET

The number of people killed in traffic accidents in Morocco reached 3593 during 2016, compared to 3565 in 2015, registering a slight increase of 0.79%. Thus, the total of traffic accidents over the past year amounted to 81827 against 78864 in 2015, an increase of 3.76%, according to provisional statistics of traffic accidents in 2016. These statistics show that Morocco is one of the countries with the highest mortality rate. In order to decrease these numbers and put an end to this dilemma, we are working on developing vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) in order to provide information and assistance required to avoid collisions, traffic-jam, etc. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) have great potential for providing safety and comfort applications for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and to improve traffic safety on roads. In this paper, we have consecrated our study on Casablanca, the largest city in Morocco which has a highway passing through it. Thus, we took two scenarios, first the highway and trunk roads and second the other roads (primary, secondary, tertiary and residential roads). To demonstrate these scenarios, we used various tools such as OpenStreetMap and SUMO to generate a realistic mobility model that gives aspects of real vehicular traffic. Generated scenarios are added to NS-2.35 (Network Simulator) in order to analyze the performance of 802.11a (Wi-Fi) and 802.11p (DSRC/WAVE). We evaluated the performance based on three parameters: Packet Delivery Ratio, End-To-End Delay and Throughput. The results showed that 802.11p is better and more efficient than 802.11a under both scenarios. In addition, 802.11p gives better results in the second scenario than in the first one, and this is due to the number of cars, the authorized speed and the distance between the cars in each scenario.