Nonlinear isogeometric spatial Bernoulli beam

In this publication, NURBS are used as basis functions for discretization, since they can easily provide the required C1-continuity between elements. The presented element formulation has four degrees of freedom, three for displacements and one for the rotation around the center line. In order to prove the accuracy of the developed spatial Bernoulli beam, several numerical examples are presented and compared to analytic solutions and other element formulations.