Simulation of water based nanofluid convective flow inside a porous enclosure via non-equilibrium model

In this article, nanofluid convective flow inside a porous enclosure is simulated by means of two-temperature model. Control volume based finite element method is employed for this purpose. Nanofluid properties are estimated by means of KKL model. Darcy- Boussinesq approximation is utilized for nanofluid flow field. Lorentz forces effects are taken into consideration. Roles of solid-nanofluid interface heat transfer parameter (Nhs), Rayleigh number (Ra), porosity (ε), and Hartmann number (Ha) are examined. Outputs demonstrate that |ψ|max enhance with rise of Nhs but it augments with rise of Ra. Porosity has opposite relationship with temperature gradient.