Production of lactobionic acid with process integrated electrochemical enzyme regeneration and optimisation of process variables using response surface methods (RSM)

This study focussed on the continuous electrochemical regeneration of cellobiose dehydrogenase, which has excellent biocatalytic properties. Conversion of lactose to latobionic acid was used to measure catalytic activity. The results obtained were compared with the results for the enzymatic regeneration method. Moreover, medium components were optimised using response surface methods for the turnover frequency of the biocatalyst. No loss of activity for the biocatalyst was observed due to contact with electrodes. Overall, this electrochemical process promises to be easier to control, more cost-effective and environmentally friendly than enzymatic processes. The product lactobionic acid can be widely applied because of its non-toxic and biodegradable character.

Graphical abstractIllustration: Continuous production of lactobionic acid from oxidation of lactose via the flavoenzyme cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) was achieved. The enzyme is regenerated to its active (oxidized) state when the redox mediator (Med) accepts the electrons, and further oxidized at the anode. This electrochemical process promises to be cost-effective and more environmentally friendly as compared to enzymatic processes reported for the same purpose. Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide