Locating transit hubs in a multi-modal transportation network: A cluster-based optimization approach

This paper develops a mathematical model with equilibrium constraints for integrated design of transit hub locations and link establishments in a multimodal network, grounded on the cluster-based framework to capture real-world geographical and administrative features as well as to improve the overall transit-oriented system performance. By explicitly capturing multimodal transfer activities and cost implications with virtual transfer nodes and arcs, this study models transit hub as a realistic transportation infrastructure rather than a single node in the network. A genetic-algorithm-based heuristic embedded with the Augmented Lagrangian Dual algorithm is developed to solve the problem to meta-optimality.