The relationships between electronic banking adoption and its antecedents: A meta-analytic study of the role of national culture

Prior studies fail to provide a clear understanding of the role that national culture plays in electronic banking acceptance. Therefore, we conduct a meta-analysis involving 62 samples from 27 countries or regions to explore how national cultural dimensions moderate the relationships between consumer behavioral intentions to use electronic banking and the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, perceived risk, and trust. The results showed that each of Hofstede's national cultural dimensions has a moderating effect on some of the relationships. In particular, when considering using electronic banking, people pay more attention to social influence and trust in high power distance countries; focus more on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and perceived risk in countries with high individualism; and care more about performance expectancy and trust in high uncertainty avoidance countries. We also discuss how to improve the strategies for boosting user adoption by incorporating cultural differences.