Oxygen sensing properties of gadolinium labeled hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether based on filter paper

Oxygen sensing properties of a luminescent material gadolinium labeled hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (Gd-HMME) based on filter paper were studied. Photoluminescence of Gd-HMME at 712 nm was confirmed to be phosphorescence by a time-resolved spectroscopic analysis and its dependence on oxygen. Quantum yield of the phosphorescence was determined to be 0.014 in air saturated methanol solution (λexc = 532 nm). A linear range was found from 10% to 100% oxygen concentration in Stern–Volmer plots for Gd-HMME based on filter paper. Fast response time, recovery time (t↓, 0.4 ± 0.2 s; t↑, 1.4 ± 0.2 s) and high photostability were achieved. Our results indicate that Gd-HMME is a promising indicator for optical oxygen sensing.