Highly enhanced electrochemical property by Mg-doping La2Ni1-xMgxO4+δ (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10) cathodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells

The Mg doped at the subsurface under the Ni of (001) surface will promote both the O2 adsorption and decomposition process, it brings about positive effect on the ORR process with decrease of the polarization resistance, only 2% of Mg doped at Ni manifested the optimal electrochemical property with lowest area specific resistance of 0.15 Ω cm−2 at 700 °C, which is 60% of the none-doped one.176