Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8311211 | Clinica Chimica Acta | 2015 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Change is inevitable. In early evolution, due to the limited availability of resources, the sole purpose of living organisms was to survive long enough to transmit their genes to the next generation. During their short lifetime, organisms used pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular pattern pathways as an inflammatory response against pathogens (exogenous factors) and tissue damage (endogenous factors), respectively. Despite advances in human lifespan, it appears that an increasing number of diseases such as atherosclerosis are associated with inflammation. Excessive glucose, lipid and protein intake leads to the formation of endogenous crystals, i.e., cholesterol, which can induce a sterile inflammatory immune response that manifests as a vicious cycle. In this review, we evaluate the possible relationship between crystal-based sterile inflammatory response and HDL functionality.
Keywords
NF-κBNLRP3Apo A1SAAIL-18VSMCTLRoxLDLIL-1βeNOSβ2GPIHDLhigh-density lipoproteinNOxROSβ2-glycoprotein IArylesteraseApolipoprotein A-IInflammasomesterile inflammationinterleukin 1 betaInterleukin 18toll like receptorserum amyloid AVascular smooth muscle cellendothelial nitric oxide synthasenuclear factor kappa BNitric oxidenicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidaseAREParaoxonaseParaoxonase 1C-reactive proteinCRPReactive oxygen species
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Authors
Esin Eren, Hamit Yasar Ellidag, Ozgur Aydin, Necat Yilmaz,