Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8313111 | Clinica Chimica Acta | 2013 | 58 Pages |
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Over 70% of new cases and deaths occur in developing countries. In the early years of the molecular biology revolution, cancer research mainly focuses on genetic alterations, including gastric cancer. Epigenetic mechanisms are essential for normal development and maintenance of tissue-specific gene expression patterns in mammals. Disruption of epigenetic processes can lead to altered gene function and malignant cellular transformation. Recent advancements in the rapidly evolving field of cancer epigenetics have shown extensive reprogramming of every component of the epigenetic machinery in cancer, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, noncoding RNAs, and microRNAs. Aberrant DNA methylation in the promoter regions of gene, which leads to inactivation of tumor suppressor and other cancer-related genes in cancer cells, is the most well-defined epigenetic hallmark in gastric cancer. The advantages of gene methylation as a target for detection and diagnosis of cancer in biopsy specimens and non-invasive body fluids such as serum and gastric washes have led to many studies of application in gastric cancer. This review focuses on the most common and important phenomenon of epigenetics, DNA methylation, in gastric cancer and illustrates the impact epigenetics has had on this field.
Keywords
KRASEGCGBMP-2CD44MDSMGMTAPCIL-1βIGF-1GDNFcdkn1cErbB4BNIP3IGF-1R5-hmCNDRG2DnmtMSIMMRCGIMSPMLLCDX2CDH1CHFRARID1AhMLH1CDKN2ADAPKH. pyloriHOXA10LMP2ACDK4IGFBP3GSTP1EDNRBLRP1bendothelin receptor type BCMTM3methyl-CpG binding proteinsDACT1DKK-3HOXD10HGFACHD5GPX3ATBF1HLTFHoxa1FDACRBP1ADAM23GRIK2AMLFLNCglutathione S-transferase Pi 1MBPsADAMTS9met proto-oncogene (hepatocyte growth factor receptor)CACNA1GV-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologCACNA2D3caudal type homeobox 25-mC5-Methylcytosine5-hydroxymethylcytosinec-MetCdk6DNAMAPKMutL homolog 1O-6-Methylguanine-DNA MethyltransferaseMethylation-specific PCRadenomatosis polyposis coliGastrointestinal endoscopydeoxyribose nucleic acidEBVepigallocatechin gallateLOXMicrosatellite instabilityDNA mismatch repairbisulfite sequencingCpG islandsCNSFood and Drug AdministrationGastric cancerMyelodysplastic syndromescentral nervous systemcyclin-dependent kinase 6Glial cell derived neurotrophic factorHepatocyte growth factor activatorFilamin CAcute myelocytic leukemiaLysyl oxidasecyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2AHelicobacter pyloriEpstein–Barr virusInsulin-like growth factor binding protein 3Latent membrane proteinbone morphogenetic protein 2death-associated protein kinaseKlothocyclin-dependent kinase 4Insulin-like growth factor I receptor
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Authors
Yiping Qu, Siwen Dang, Peng Hou,