Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8318985 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology | 2018 | 8 Pages |
Abstract
Chemical contaminants present in the environment can affect mitochondrial bioenergetics in aquatic organisms and can have substantial effects on individual fitness. As early life stages of fish are particularly vulnerable to environmental contaminants, they are ideal models for examining the relationship between impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics (ATP-dependent respiration, basal oxidative respiration) and apical endpoints such as growth. Here, early life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), an ecologically relevant North American species, were used to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial bioenergetics and growth following perturbation with model mitochondrial toxicants 2,4-dinitrophenol and octylamine. Fathead minnows were exposed to 2,4-dinitrophenol and octylamine at 3 concentrations for 24â¯h and endpoints related to mitochondrial bioenergetics were measured with the Agilent Seahorse XFe24 Bioanalyzer. In order to link changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics to growth, fathead minnows were exposed to the same chemical contaminants for 7-14â¯days and growth was measured by measuring total length on a weekly basis. There was a significant correlation between decrease in average length at 14â¯days and basal respiration (râ¯=â¯0.997, pâ¯=â¯0.050, nâ¯=â¯3), as well as maximal respiration (râ¯=â¯0.998, p-valueâ¯=â¯0.043, nâ¯=â¯3) for embryos exposed to 2,4 dinitrophenol. For octylamine, ATP production was highly correlated with average length at 7â¯days (p-valueâ¯=â¯0.1) and spare respiratory capacity and average length at 14â¯days were highly correlated (p-valueâ¯=â¯0.1). These data improve understanding of how mitochondrial toxicants impair growth in fish larvae and may be useful for developing an adverse outcome pathway for growth.
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Authors
Derek G. Bolser, David A. Dreier, Erchao Li, Kevin J. Kroll, Christopher J. Martyniuk, Nancy D. Denslow,