Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8319007 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology | 2018 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
The use of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) is spreading rapidly across technology and medicine fields, posing concerns about their consequence on ecosystems and human health. The present study aims to assess the biological responses triggered by iron oxide NPs (IONPs) and iron oxide NPs incorporated into zeolite (IONPZ) in relation to oxidative stress on the land snail Helix aspersa in order to investigate its use as a biomarker for terrestrial environments. Morphology and structure of both NPs were characterized. Snail food was supplemented with a range of concentrations of IONPs and IONPZ and values of the hemocyte lysosomal membranes' destabilization by 50% were estimated by the neutral red retention (NRRT50) assay. Subsequently, snails were fed with NPs concentrations equal to half of the NRRT50 values, 0.05â¯mgâ¯Lâ1 for IONPs and 1â¯mgâ¯Lâ1 for IONPZ, for 1, 5, 10 and 20â¯days. Both effectors induced oxidative stress in snails' hemocytes compared to untreated animals. The latter was detected by NRRT changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, lipid peroxidation estimation, DNA integrity loss, measurement of protein carbonyl content by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA), determination of ubiquitin conjugates and cleaved caspases conjugates levels. The results showed that the simultaneous use of the parameters tested could constitute possible reliable biomarkers for the evaluation of NPs toxicity. However, more research is required in order to enlighten the disposal and toxic impact of iron oxide NPs on the environment to ensure their safe use in the future.
Keywords
HRPDcfPCCDCFH2-DADNPHPUFAs4-hydroxynonenalRLU4-HNE2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetateIONPsIron oxide NPsCASPMSFNeutral Red retention timeDCFHMDA2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazineBSANPsROSbovine serum albuminPolyunsaturated fatty acidsTemBiomonitoringTwo-way analysis of varianceANOVAOxidative stressToxicityFTIRFourier transform infrared spectroscopyphenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoridemalondialdehydeProtein carbonyl contentSEMNanoparticle characterizationScanning electron microscopyTransmission electron microscopyNanoparticlesIron oxide nanoparticlesHelix aspersarelative luminescence unitscaspaseReactive oxygen species
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Authors
Eirini Sidiropoulou, Konstantinos Feidantsis, Stavros Kalogiannis, George P. Gallios, Georgia Kastrinaki, Eleni Papaioannou, Miroslava VáclavÃková, Martha Kaloyianni,