Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8320241 | Current Opinion in Structural Biology | 2014 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
There are a growing number of studies reporting the observation of purine-pyrimidine base-pairs that are seldom observed in unmodified nucleic acids because they entail the loss of energetically favorable interactions or require energetically costly base ionization or tautomerization. These high energy purine-pyrimidine base-pairs include G
- C+ and A
- T Hoogsteen base-pairs, which entail â¼180° rotation of the purine base in a Watson-Crick base-pair, protonation of cytosine N3, and constriction of the C1â²-C1â² distance by â¼2.5 à . Other high energy pure-pyrimidine base-pairs include G
- T, G
- U, and A
- C mispairs that adopt Watson-Crick like geometry through either base ionization or tautomerization. Although difficult to detect and characterize using biophysical methods, high energy purine-pyrimidine base-pairs appear to be more common than once thought. They further expand the structural and functional diversity of canonical and non-canonical nucleic acid base-pairs.
- C+ and A
- T Hoogsteen base-pairs, which entail â¼180° rotation of the purine base in a Watson-Crick base-pair, protonation of cytosine N3, and constriction of the C1â²-C1â² distance by â¼2.5 à . Other high energy pure-pyrimidine base-pairs include G
- T, G
- U, and A
- C mispairs that adopt Watson-Crick like geometry through either base ionization or tautomerization. Although difficult to detect and characterize using biophysical methods, high energy purine-pyrimidine base-pairs appear to be more common than once thought. They further expand the structural and functional diversity of canonical and non-canonical nucleic acid base-pairs.
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Authors
Isaac Kimsey, Hashim M Al-Hashimi,