Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8322932 | The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology | 2014 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
Power frequency magnetic fields (PFMF) have been reported to affect several cellular functions, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of PFMF on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) autophagy. After cells were exposed to 50Â Hz PFMF at 2Â mT for 0.5Â h, 2Â h, 6Â h, 12Â h, and 24Â h, we observed a significant increase in autophagic markers at 6Â h, including (i) higher microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II), (ii) the increased formation of GFP-LC3 puncta, and (iii) increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles under transmission electron microscope. Moreover, we provide convincing evidence using chloroquine (CQ) that the increase of autophagic markers was the result of enhanced autophagic flux and not the suppression of lysosomal function. In a search for molecular mechanisms underlying PFMF-mediated autophagy, we observe that the autophagic process involved reactive oxygen species (ROS) and was independent of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway.
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Authors
Yanfeng Chen, Ling Hong, Ying Zeng, Yunyun Shen, Qunli Zeng,